Adsorption at the liquid/liquid interface in mixed systems with hydrophobic extractants and modifiers 1. Study of equilibrium interfacial tension at the hydrocarbon/water interface in binary mixed systems

Equilibrium interfacial tension at the liquid/liquid interfaces for two chelating metal ion extractants, 2-hydroxy-5-nonylacetophenone oxime (HNAF) and 1-phenyldecane-1,3-dion (β-diketone), two solvating extractants, trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and tributyl phosphate (TBP), and a modifier, decanol, were obtained with a drop volume tensiometer. Moreover, four equimolar binary mixtures of extractant/extractant and extractant/modifier type were considered. The composition of the mixed adsorbed monolayer and the molecular interaction parameters β were determined by the Rosen equation. It was found that in all the studied systems coadsorption exists; however, synergism in the reduction of interfacial tension was not observed. The obtained results indicate that in the case of three mixtures considered the composition of a mixed monolayer at the hydrocarbon/water interface was quite different from that in the bulk organic phase. Only for the TOPO/β-diketone mixture were the compositions at the interface and in the bulk organic phase similar. The obtained results indicate that it is impossible to predict the composition of a mixed monolayer by taking into account the interfacial activity of individual components of the mixture. In some cases the compound shows lower interfacial activity (smaller efficiency and effectiveness of adsorption) and occupies a dominant position at the interface, regardless of the type of hydrocarbon used as the organic diluent.