Austenite-martensite phase transformation of biomedical Nitinol by ball burnishing

- Burnishing induced a small amount of plastic deformation on Nitinol.
- Non-uniform martensite was observed, which could be induced by polishing.
- FEA was used to better understand phase transformation of Nitinol.
- Martensitic transformation penetrates deeper at a larger burnishing load.
- The residual martensite layer had a maximum fraction of martensite of 10−6.