Food and social complexity at Çayönü Tepesi, southeastern Anatolia: Stable isotope evidence of differentiation in diet according to burial practice and sex in the early Neolithic

► People from secondary burials (Skull Building) had different diets to those buried beneath houses. ► In the later Cell Plan sub-phase of occupation males and females had different diets. ► Dietary variation resulted from different types and/or amounts of meat and plant protein. ► The isotope results follow sex and burial practice suggesting food reinforced social behaviours.