Assessment of IUU fishing for Southern Bluefin Tuna

► Substantial IUU catches of SBT occurred for at least 15 years most likely by Japan. ► These IUU catches undermined the SBT stock assessment and management procedure. ► Minimum standards are needed for independent verification of catch and effort data. ► Lack of transparency exists in CCSBT in dealing with IUU catches. ► Reform in RFMO science bodies is needed for effective provision of objective advice.