Evaluation of water quality parameters in drinking water of district Bannu, Pakistan: Multivariate study

The aim of study was to evaluate physico-chemical parameters and total content of metals in drinking water of district Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan. 197 (n = 3) surface (canals, rivers) and ground water (tube well, pressure pump, hand pump) samples were collected from 49 different union councils (UC) of district Bannu. Twenty-two (22) physico chemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Hardness, Salinity, Alkalinity, SO4−2, Cl−1, NO3−,PO4−3, Na, K, Li, Ca, Mg, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn were determined. In the study, statistical techniques PCA and CA were used to measure variations in water quality. The understudy samples showed significantly higher values of TDS and EC than WHO permissible limits which may greatly influence the health conditions of the residents of this area.