Interfacial electronic structure and magnetoelectric effect in M/BaTiO3 (M=Ni, Fe) superlattices

► We find a novel type of interfacial magnetoelectric effect in Ni/BaTiO3 interface. ► The underlying physics is the pdσ-type magnetic interactions between Ni 3d and O 2p spins. ► There exists an intralayer oscillation of magnetic moments within the Ni layers.