Analysis of Micro-cars' Influence on Traffic Network Using a Microscopic Simulator

The environmental effects and network performance of mixed traffic, consisting of micro-cars and conventional cars, on a small network are investigated using microscopic simulations. After calibrating the simulation model, the effects of three assumptions concerning micro-car speeds are investigated using the model. First, the parameters needed for network performance evaluation are determined iteratively. The power required to meet total travel demand is then computed to predict emissions. A higher ratio of micro-cars in the traffic reduces emissions, as does a lower micro-car speed. To investigate travel efficiency, the main parameters used are average speed, total travel time and total delay time. The results suggest that a higher ratio of micro-cars has a positive effect on the network when their speed is the same as or a slightly lower than that of conventional cars, while a higher ratio of micro-cars has a negative effect when their speed is close to the average traffic speed of the base model. To obtain a suitable balance between desired environmental effects and road network performance, we recommend that the desired speed of micro-cars be set to 40–45 km/h on a small urban traffic network.

摘要通过VISSIM进行微观仿真, 研究微型车的加入对环境和城市交通小区网络的影响.首先根据实际路网在VISSIM中创建对象, 建立基础仿真模型并完成校对.然后针对微型车期望速度作三种假设, 并设定不同微型车比率.最后仿真计算网络交通功率总输出作为车辆尾气排放计算参考, 网络总旅行时间‘平均速度’延误时间作为网络表现参数.结果表明, 低微型车期望车速和高比率导致更少尾气排放.当微型车期望车速等于或微小于普通小汽车期望速度时, 高微型车比率更加缓解交通; 但当其期望车速接近网络平均车速时, 高微型车比率对交通网络有更消极影响.