Specialization of the sting venom and skin mucus of Cathorops spixii reveals functional diversification of the toxins

► The accident by Cathorops spixii occurs when the sting penetrates the skin, releasing the venom along with the skin mucus. ► Important peptide fractions were detected in both venoms with antimicrobial activity. ► Peptide fractions caused venular stasis, hemorrhage and changes in the arteriolar wall diameter. ► Protein fractions produced a typical inflammatory process in post-capillary venules. ► We described for the first time a Wap65 protein in sting venom.