Pretreatment vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) serum levels in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

The pretreatment VEGF serum level was identified as independent prognostic factor in this study and may help to assess individual risk and treatment profiles in patients with metastatic NSCLC.