Pavlovian conditioning: Pigeon nictitating membrane

▶ Pigeon nictitating-membrane response (NMR) is readily conditioned. ▶ Pigeon NMR is a promising preparation because of their discriminative capabilities. ▶ Kamin blocking design attenuates responding to the redundant stimulus with pigeons. ▶ Effects of contextual stimuli on individual differences in response attenuation. ▶ Neural-network simulations illustrate the contribution of contextual stimuli.