Development of Social and Educational Support in Russian Institutions for Orphans

The article describes the innovative changes in the activities of Russian institutions for orphans, to address the problem of reduction of social orphanage. It is shown that the development of social and educational support in orphanages is determined by a reform of these institutions as an inevitable consequence of the process of deinstitutionalization. The main approaches to the reform of institutions for orphans in modern Russia include: a systemic legal, involving the legal liquidation of the institution; social and cultural, including the change of the status and structure of the institution; psychological meaning conversion activity of the institution.The article shows the direction in the development of the social teacher's support in orphanages: the emergence of new forms of work (family arrangements, the reunion of the foster-child with the blood relatives, guidance after graduating from the boarding school); optimization in training the students for their independent life; individualization of social and pedagogical support through the introduction of case management, changing life style in the institution to family- oriented.