Some Considerations of Population Dynamics and the Sustainability of Social Security System

Worldwide discussion on the sustainability of social security systems is an extremely topical issue, especially since, in the current socio-economic conditions, these systems are undergoing a sever crisis. Romania's current situation is characterized by a major transformation of economic structures, by decreasing demographics, by increase in participation rate of youth in higher education and most importantly by a high number of retirements and by migration. These aspects have generated a drastically decline of the labour force. In this picture, the increasing number of non-contributors within the active population represents a major social risk. The starting point of this research is represented by this true reality: in 1990, in Romania there were 8.1 million employees. In 2010, there were 4.7 million employees. In the meantime, starting from 1990, emigration increased considerably, and nowadays in the European Union only, there are about 2.7 million Romanian people (Eurostat). The analysis underlines the effects of this evolution on social security system.