Environmental Analysis of Pareto Optimal Routes in Hazardous Material Transportation

This paper presents environmental analysis of the Pareto optimal solutions of a bi-objective Hazardous material Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem with Time Windows (HVRPTW) logistics instance derived from road network of Osaka city, Japan. Environmental emissions of CO2, NOx and SPM corresponding to the Pareto optimal solutions were determined and compared in terms of the total emission values and the intensities of emissions on various links used in the solutions.