Toll sequence operation to realize target flow pattern under bounded rationality

• Toll sequence operation to realize classic UE with boundedly rational road users.
• The best-case untolled link-based BRUE can be realized as the untolled equilibrium.
• Realize reduced BRUE/sub-network UE under heterogeneous bounded rationality.

Because boundedly rational user equilibrium (BRUE) always has a set of solutions instead of a unique one, from a static network equilibrium viewpoint, under BRUE there is no guarantee of attainability of any specific target flow by implementing tolls. In this study, from a disequilibrium flow evolution perspective, we design toll sequence operations (TS-operations) to guide the network flow to evolve towards the traditional Wardrop user equilibrium (UE) flow pattern. Under homogeneous bounded rationality (BR), iteratively implementing our TS-operations can make the network flow pattern converge to UE, which essentially solves the nonuniqueness problem of BRUE and re-establishes the effectiveness of link tolls in realizing any target link flow pattern. In particular we show that under homogenous BR the best-case untolled link-based BRUE can be realized as the untolled equilibrium. Under heterogeneous BR among different OD pairs, our TS-operations can make the flow converge to reduced BRUE and/or sub-network UE, which give smaller estimate intervals of the equilibrium flow pattern as compared to the original BRUE.