A need-based model of multi-day, multi-person activity generation

In this paper, we develop a model of activity generation for a multi-day planning period that takes within-household interactions between individuals into account. The model is based on the theoretical framework we proposed in earlier work which assumes that utilities of activities are a dynamic function of needs of individuals at person and household levels. In the model, individuals use a utility-of-time threshold parameter to decide when to include an activity in their agenda. The threshold represents a personal perception of time pressure and is continuously adapted based on learning. In an exchange phase, the individuals (re-)allocate household tasks based on a negotiation protocol with the aim of improving the group result. The model takes into account day-varying time-budgets of individuals, influences of perception, selfishness–altruism, joint activity participation and competences of individuals to satisfy particular needs. We illustrate the model by means of simulations and suggest ways for future research.