Influences of non-uniform pressure field outside bubbles on the propagation of acoustic waves in dilute bubbly liquids

• We theoretically investigated wave propagation in dilute bubbly liquids with experimental verification.
• Non-uniform pressure field outside bubble is considered.
• Bubble instability is quantitatively evaluated through analytical solution.

Predictions of the propagation of the acoustic waves in bubbly liquids is of great importance for bubble dynamics and related applications (e.g. sonochemistry, sonochemical reactor design, biomedical engineering). In the present paper, an approach for modeling the propagation of the acoustic waves in dilute bubbly liquids is proposed through considering the non-uniform pressure field outside the bubbles. This approach is validated through comparing with available experimental data in the literature. Comparing with the previous models, our approach mainly improves the predictions of the attenuation of acoustic waves in the regions with large kR0 (k is the wave number and R0 is the equilibrium bubble radius). Stability of the oscillating bubbles under acoustic excitation are also quantitatively discussed based on the analytical solution.