Multi-terminal HVDC Modeling in Power Flow Analysis Considering Converter Station Topologies and Losses

In this publication the authors present several aspects of integrating High-Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission into power flow analysis algorithms. In particular, the authors will discuss speed and robustness of two different power flow approaches, the integration of droop-control schemes and the loss modeling of converter stations based on power electronic device characteristics considering different converter topologies.