A Vertical Magneto-Convection in Square Cavity Containing A Al2O3+Water Nanofluid: Cooling of Electronic Compounds

In this paper, we study by numerical simulation natural convection of Al2O3-water nanofluid in square cavity. In this cavity, the horizontal walls are isothermal, maintained at cold (Tc) and hot (Th) temperatures. The vertical walls are adiabatic. A vertical magnetic field is externally imposed. The basic equations describing the flow driven by natural convection consist of mass conservation, momentum and energy. These equations are solved numerically by finite element method. A numerical simulation of the problem was performed using the software Comsol Multiphysics. For the physical parameters of Al2O3+water nanofluid, we use the Brinkman and Wasp model. Numerical results are presented for wide range of Hartmann number (Ha=0 to 100), with a value of Grashof number Gr=104 and volume fraction φ=0.1 in terms of streamlines, isotherms and the flux ratio. The results show that the magnetic field has effects on the flow and heat transfer.