Singapore Modules - Optimised PV Modules for the Tropics

The sunbelt regions of the globe on either side of the equator represent a vast potential for the generation of photovoltaic (PV) electricity. However, PV modules deployed in tropical regions face a different set of environmental conditions than PV modules deployed in temperate regions where the majority of today's PV markets exist. The tropical climate poses several unique challenges for PV modules. High year-round humidity is the greatest threat to PV module durability, while high ambient temperatures and highly diffuse light conditions can negatively affect PV module output power. Given this situation, SERIS is undertaking a research project to develop “Singapore modules” which are specifically tailored to perform better and last longer in tropical climates. This paper presents an overview of the scope of the project, as well as first key findings and results. The first phase of the project involved a detailed study of the state of the art in today's PV module technologies. Ten different module technologies were chosen for evaluation, representing today's most commonly used PV technologies. These commercial modules were subjected to standard accelerated aging tests, as well as tightened accelerated aging tests to identify strengths and weaknesses of the various technologies. Outdoor performance monitoring of each module type is also on-going. The results obtained during the first phase of the project are being used to guide the development of Singapore modules. First prototype Singapore modules have been fabricated, and a 10 kWp testbedding system has been installed in Singapore.