IR laser assisted photothermal condensation in a microchannel

• IR laser leads to the evaporation by photothermal effect.
• Induced evaporation–condensation–coalescence advances interface movement.
• High laser power and small laser spot position yield faster interface advancing.
• A liquid slug is formed in front of the interface at high laser power.

In this work, the condensation behaviors of distilled water actuated by photothermal effect of the infrared laser with the wavelength of 1550 nm in a microchannel were investigated through the visualization method and image processing technique. The impacts of the laser power and the laser spot position on the interface movement and slug formation were also explored. It is found that the interface tended to be advanced as a result of the photothermally induced evaporation–condensation–coalescence process at lower laser powers while the interface was firstly advanced at the beginning and then moved backward after the liquid slug formation in front of the interface at high laser powers. Experimental results also showed that higher laser power and smaller distance between the initial gas–liquid interface and fixed laser spot yielded faster advancing of the gas–liquid interface. For cases with the liquid slug formation, the growth rate of the liquid slug increased with increasing the laser power and decreasing the distance of the laser spot position away from the initial interface position as a result of a high evaporation rate.