The Effect of Tribology Behavior on Machining Performances When Using Bio-based Lubricant as a Sustainable Metalworking Fluid

Metalworking fluid (MWF) is commonly used to reduce wear and friction, thus improve the machining productivity and quality. However, the usage of conventional MWF made from mineral oil causes negative effects to the ecology and human health. Therefore, it is desirable to formulate a sustainable MWFs as an alternative to petroleum-based oils. The crude jatropha oil was chemically altered via transesterification process of jatropha methyl ester and trimethylolpropane to develop various compositions of modified jatropha oils (MJOs). The orthogonal cutting process was carried out and the lubricants were supplied by using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) technique. It was observed that the MJO5 exhibits an outstanding performance in terms of wear and friction as well as cutting force and maximum cutting temperature when compared to commercial synthetic ester (SE). This works shows that MJO5 is a viable candidate to replace SE as a machining lubricant.