Analysis and Integration of Design for X Approaches in Lean Design as basis for a Lifecycle Optimized Product Design

All product lifecycle processes are highly determined by product design. The concept of Lean Design focuses on maximizing customer value and minimizing waste throughout all stages of product lifecycle by an optimized product design. Design for X approaches are essential elements of Lean Design to make the right design decisions by help of concrete qualitative design guidelines. However, Design for X approaches focus on a specific stage of product lifecycle or specific aspect of products or processes, what makes a holistic optimization of product design highly complex. Therefore, the paper analyses the vast range of qualitative design guidelines given in Design for X approaches concerning their effects on product lifecycle and derives recommendations for a lifecycle optimized product design.