Process Simulation Method for Product-Service Systems Design

In manufacturing, systems combining physical products and services have been attracting much attention. For such systems, designers need to consider values for customers as well as its economic cost. However, services include many stochastic elements because they are severely affected by human behaviors and interaction between humans. Therefore, parameters that affect the economic cost, such as working time and number of operation, vary because of the influence of the stochastic elements. In order to evaluate design solution from the viewpoint of the economic cost, this study proposes a service cost simulation method in consideration of stochastic elements in the service.