Fast 3D EM scattering and radiation solvers based on MLFMA

As the fastest integral equation solver to date, the multilevel fast multipole algorithm (MLFMA) has been applied successfully to solve electromagnetic scattering and radiation from 3D electrically large objects. But for very large-scale problems, the storage and CPU time required in MLFMA are still expensive. Fast 3D electromagnetic scattering and radiation solvers are introduced based on MLFMA. A brief review of MLFMA is first given. Then, four fast methods including higher-order MLFMA (HO-MLFMA), fast far field approximation combined with adaptive ray propagation MLFMA (FAFFA-ARP-MLFMA), local MLFMA and parallel MLFMA are introduced. Some typical numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of these fast methods.