Preparation and integration of nanostructured titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a chemically stable nontoxic transition-metal oxide associated with a wide range of existing chemical engineering processes. In this short review, recent research endeavors in preparation and integration of nanostructured TiO2 materials system will be featured and discussed for their potential new applications. Because material development always plays pivotal roles in the progress of a particular engineering discipline, the reviewed subjects will provide useful information to stimulate nanoscale research of chemical engineering, linking established fundamentals with practical applications. Some critical issues and challenges regarding further development of this important functional material for nanotechnology will also be addressed.

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► Low-temperature preparative routes, crystal plane manipulation, optical band gap engineering, and polymorphic control are important.
► Integrative methods can produce porous hollow architectures, nanostructured films and arrays, heterostructures, and self-assembled catalysts and devices.
► Greener synthetic routes should be targeted.
► Processes for large scale production must be developed.