Greener approach to nanomaterials and their sustainable applications

The integration of ‘Green Chemistry’ principles into the rapidly evolving field of nanoscience is a necessity for the risk reduction. Several ‘greener’ pathways have been developed to generate nanoparticles in the matrix in which they are to be used thus reducing the exposure risk during handling. The use of naturally occurring biodegradable materials, such as vitamins, sugars, tea or polyphenol-rich agricultural residues, which serve as reducing and capping agents, is demonstrated and may help assist in designing nanomaterials with reduced toxicity. The sustainable use of such green-synthesized nanoparticles in environmental remediation applications and the utility of recyclable magnetic nanoparticles to accomplish nano-catalysis in benign media are highlighted.

► Naturally occurring nonhazardous materials can be used in bottom-up approach to synthesize nanoparticles in a ‘greener’ fashion efficiently.
► Natural anti-oxidants such as polyphenols from tea or winery waste can serve as a reducing agent and capping agent for the metal nanoparticles.
► Facile synthesis and mild reaction conditions result in effective and stable nanoparticles which are easy to store or transport, display reduced toxicity and be ideal candidates in remediation applications.
► Magnetic nanoparticles can find numerous applications in nano-catalysis where catalyst recyclability and reuse are the salient features.