Fuel processor – fuel cell integration: Systemic issues and challenges

Fuel processors (FPs) are integrated with fuel cells (FCs) for onsite and onboard power generation. The process technologies employed in FPs have to be properly selected on the basis of fuel characteristics, impurity tolerances and operating specifications of FCs. Chemical, thermal and process parameters need to be given due consideration to ensure smooth FP–FC integration. The chemistry and catalytic reaction engineering of H2 generation in FPs and its utilization in FCs through electrocatalysis provide major challenges. The reactor configurations, extent of their miniaturization and their internal hydrodynamics and other design factors need to be considered for proper integration. This article highlights the current state of engineering knowledge in FP–FC integration and future prospects for achieving more efficient FP–FC systems for large scale onboard deployment.