Optimization of the characteristics of the PV cells using nonlinear electronic components

In spite of the efforts made by researchers to improve the capacity of the solar cells to produce energy, very few studies take into account the nonlinear behavior of the photovoltaic (PV) cell and module. In several scientific domains, the nonlinear properties of the electronic components provide significant advantages in the mastering and improvement of the system’s output. This paper introduces and examines the effects of a nonlinear series resistance function of the current on the characteristics of the PV cell. The choice of this component deals with its significant involvement in the decrement of the PV outputs. Based on the proposed nonlinear model of the PV cell and considering the standard test conditions, theoretical investigations are conducted. A comparative study of those characteristics for constant and nonlinear series resistances reveals that the nonlinear character of the series resistance does not worsen the shape of the characteristic curves of the cell. Furthermore, it optimizes the maximum power output of about 1.41%1.41% and modifies slightly the fill factor, independently of the mineral material constituted the cell. Then, we extend our finding to the PV module of NSNS and NpNp units PV cells associated in series and parallel. The established results exhibit a growth of the maximum power output and the fill factor of the PV module.