Intrinsic magnetic properties of In2O3 and transition metal-doped-In2O3

This paper reports on the influence of the sintering temperature and atmosphere and transition-metal doping on the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline and bulk In2O3. Undoped nanocrystalline In2O3 is diamagnetic whatever the sintering temperature and atmosphere. All single-phase transition-metal-doped In2O3 samples are paramagnetic, with a paramagnetic effective moment originating from weakly interacting transition metal ions. No trace of ferromagnetism has been detected even with samples sintered under argon, except extrinsic ferromagnetism for samples with magnetic dopant concentrations exceeding the solubility limit.