Magnetic resonance in iron oxide nanoparticles: Quantum features and effect of size

In order to better understand the transition from quantum to classical behavior in spin system, electron magnetic resonance (EMR) is studied in suspensions of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles with an average diameter of ∼9 nm and analyzed in comparison with the results obtained in the maghemite particles of smaller size (∼5 nm). It is shown that both types of particles demonstrate common EMR behavior, including special features such as the temperature-dependent narrow spectral component and multiple-quantum transitions. These features are common for small quantum systems and not expected in classical case. The relative intensity of these signals rapidly decreases with cooling or increase of particle size, marking gradual transition to the classical ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) behavior.