Combination of in situ UV–Vis-NIR spectro-electrochemical and a.c. impedance measurements: A new, effective technique for studying the redox transformation of conducting electroactive materials

Simultaneous in situ UV–Vis-NIR spectro-electrochemical and a.c. impedance techniques have been realized for the first time. Combination of the data obtained by these parallel, independent methods can be exploited in the future in the elucidation of the redox mechanism of various transparent electroactive layers.