Three-dimensional solitons and vortices in dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates

Three-dimensional solitary and vortex structures in Bose–Einstein condensates are studied in the framework of Gross–Pitaevskii model including the simultaneous action of local cubic–quintic nonlinearity and nonlocal dipole–dipole interactions. Nonlocal interactions are shown to change significantly the formation threshold and the numbers of atoms confined into the coherent structures. An appearance of robust high-order (m=2m=2) three-dimensional vortices is revealed.