Applications of Planar ITO Electrodes for Studying of Some Biochemical Activities

Trends in disposable and handheld biosensors have called for miniaturized and planar electrodes in the place of conventional bulky ones. In this work, thin tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) film coated on glass were used as a based electrode in a three-electrode electrochemical system to follow some biochemical activities, such as NADH and phenol activity. The reference electrode is made on ITO layer by electro-deposition of thin nickel layer and silver layer, consecutively, followed by chlorination of silver surface by electrochemical potentiostatic method. The plain planar ITO-coated glasses were used as both counter electrode and working electrodes. Cyclic-voltammetry measurements; which follow an oxidation of 200 μM nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in 0.1 M KCl, show current peak of 8.5 μA. Another case was also to follow the NADH oxidation but in competition with its coupling activity with flavin mononucleotide (FMN). In this case, cyclic-voltammetry measurements were carried out of 200 μM NADH in 50 mM sodium phosphate; current peak of 1.3 μA was observed.