Fundamental Neutron Physics with Long Pulsed Spallation Sources

We discuss the advantages that a long-pulse spallation neutron source like the ESS can provide for certain types of slow neutron experiments in the general area of nuclear/particle/astrophysics. A long-pulse spallation neutron source can provide the best balance between the need for increased neutron intensity combined with enough information on the slow neutron energy spectrum at the experiment with the neutron source off to maximize the signal/background ratio and help diagnose systematic errors for many different types of experiments in this field. We discuss a few examples of different types of slow neutron experiments which we feel can take best advantage of a long-pulse mode of operation.