The chromogranin-A (CgA) in prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequent tumors in men. The neuroendocrine differentiation in prostate cancer has become more widely recognized and has attracted considerable attention as a potentially new finding with major diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. We investigated the role of the serum concentrations of CgA in a group of 57 patients with prostate cancer and in 61 elderly subjects with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is the most frequently employed marker to detect neuroendocrine features. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), CgA and NSE levels were determined. Comparing prostate cancer group versus BPH group, the CgA level difference was 63.00 ng/ml (p < 0.0001) and the PSA level difference was 50.86 mcg/ml (p < 0.0001). Between prostate cancer group and control group the CgA level difference was 94.3 ng/ml (p < 0.0001), the PSA level difference was 52.91 mcg/ml (p < 0.0001), and the NSE level difference was 1.34 μg/l (p < 0.0001). Patients with higher CgA levels had poorer prognosis and survival, compared to those with lower CgA levels. These results support the concept that serum CgA level determination before treatment is a potential prognostic factor for prostate cancer.