کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
1915120 | 1535176 | 2009 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Endogenous retroviral genes, Herpesviruses and gender in Multiple Sclerosis Endogenous retroviral genes, Herpesviruses and gender in Multiple Sclerosis](/preview/png/1915120.png)
Unexpected findings on endogenous retroviral elements expressed in cells from patients with Multiple Sclerosis appear to open a new avenue of research, after years of research dedicated to the understanding of their biological significance in human health and disease. Human endogenous retroviral family W (HERV-W) RNA present in circulating viral particles (Multiple Sclerosis associated RetroViral element, MSRV) has been associated with the evolution and prognosis of Multiple Sclerosis. HERV-W elements encode a powerful immunopathogenic envelope protein (ENV) that activates a pro-inflammatory and autoimmune cascade through interaction with Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) on antigen-presenting cells, and triggers superantigen-like dysregulation of T-lymphocytes. HERV-W/ENV antigen has further been shown to be an upstream inducer of immunopathogenicity like that in MS and has repeatedly been detected in association with MS lesions in post-mortem brain studies. ENV protein now represents a novel target in MS, in our ongoing development of a neutralising therapeutic antibody.We here review the pieces of a puzzle, which now offer a consistent picture for Multiple Sclerosis aetiopathogenesis. Interestingly, at the gene–environment interface, this picture also includes gender-related specificities through the potential interplay with endogenous retrovirus type W copies present on the X chromosome.
Journal: Journal of the Neurological Sciences - Volume 286, Issues 1–2, 15 November 2009, Pages 65–72