Infliximab for Managing Steroid-Refractory Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease

Infliximab has demonstrated activity in the treatment of steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). We aimed to confirm the effectiveness of infliximab as a salvage therapy for steroid-refractory aGVHD. In a series of 52 patients, 71% of whom had grade III-IV aGVHD, only 15% achieved complete remission (CR) with the use of infliximab alone as salvage therapy. CR of aGVHD differed according to overall aGVHD grade at salvage (grade II, 5/15; grade III, 2/17; grade IV, 1/20; P = .03). Median overall survival (OS) was only 1.7 months (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99 to 2.3 months). CR of aGVHD was significantly associated with OS, with a hazard ratio of 8.4 for death in those without CR (95% CI = 3.6 to 19.6; P < .0001). This series demonstrates the limited activity of infliximab in patients with high-grade aGVHD. Further work is needed to identify effective therapy for aGVHD.