Modified Magrath IVAC regimen as second-line therapy for relapsed or refractory aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in developing countries: The experience of a single center in Brazil

BackgroundThe purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the efficacy, toxicity and mobilization rate after modified Magrath IVAC (mIVAC) chemotherapy regimen prescribed in relapsed disease (RD) or primary refractory disease (PRD) in aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).Patients and methodsTwenty-four patients (16 males, 8 females) aged 18–59 years (median age 37 year) were analyzed. The most frequent histopathological subgroup was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL-B) (n = 21/24), 13 (54%) were considered RD and 11 (46%) PRD. The mIVAC consisted of ifosfamide (IFM), high dose cytarabine and etoposide repeated every 28 days.ResultsThe overall response (OR) after three cycles of mIVAC was 66. 6%. Among the patients with PRD, OR was 45.5% (5 out of 11) and with RD was 86.4%, p > 0.05, however, it was observed in RD better complete response (CR) than PRD 53.8 × 9.1% (p < 0.05). Eighty-eight percent (14 out of 16) of patients with chemosensitive disease to mIVAC underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). The median number of collected CD34+ cells was 2.86 × 106 (range 2.17 × 106 to 4.9 × 106). The median overall survival rate (OS) for chemosensitive to mIVAC was 16.3 months, with a median follow-up of 16 months. Grades III–IV neutropenia was observed in 85.6% per cycles and grades III–IV thrombocytopenia in 87.5%. Grades III–IV febrile neutropenia was the most common nonhematological toxicity, it occurred in 28% of the cycles and no deaths by toxicity were observed.DiscussionAlthough a statistic comparative study was not carried out for these 24 patients, the rate of OR to mIVAC was alike the other second-line infusion regimens. The mobilization failure rate was 57.1% and it was similar to other regimens with high dose cytarabine, but it did not limit performed ASCT.