Salvage of oxidized guanine derivatives in the (2′-deoxy)ribonucleotide pool as source of mutations in DNA

Recent evidence suggests that salvage of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanine (8-oxoGua) can contribute substantially to levels of 8-oxoGua in DNA and RNA. However, it remains to be determined if this mechanism contributes to mutagenesis and disease. This review covers the predominant methods for detecting 8-oxoGua and its derivatives, summarizes some of the relevant recent DNA repair studies and discusses the mechanisms for metabolism of oxidized guanine derivatives in the (2′-deoxy)ribonucleoside and (2′-deoxy)ribonucleotide pools.