Cigarette smoking and serum soluble Fas levels: Findings from the JACC study

Cigarette smoking enhances low-grade systemic inflammation in the lung and other organs. Activated immune cells play an important role at early and late stages of inflammation, and in recent years, soluble Fas (sFas), an isoform of death molecule Fas, was found to interfere with the apoptotic pathways of these activated immune cells. The aim of this study was to confirm the association between cigarette smoking and sFas levels in healthy male subjects. We measured serum sFas levels of 4415 male subjects selected as controls for a nested case-control study within the large-scale cohort study conducted in Japan, called the JACC Study. Smoking status at baseline was evaluated by a self-administered questionnaire. Least square means of sFas according to smoking status and numbers of cigarettes smoked per day among smokers were calculated and adjusted for possible confounding factors. Mean sFas levels showed an increasing trend across never smokers, past smokers and current smokers, as 2.21 (95% CI: 2.14–2.27) ng/ml, 2.29 (2.22–2.36) ng/ml, and 2.36 (2.30–2.43) ng/ml, respectively. However, no dose-response relationship was observed between the number of cigarettes smoked per day and sFas levels among smokers.