Venipuncture Techniques in Pet Rodent Species

Blood collection from companion rodents can be challenging. Although many blood collection sites have been developed by laboratory animal veterinarians, owners of pet rodents and companion exotic animal veterinarians may find venipuncture from these locations objectionable. The high risks of complications associated with obtaining a blood sample from a few of the described anatomic locations are unacceptable in companion animal practice. To minimize any risk of injury with venipuncture in these species, it is essential to know the anatomy, physiology, and behavior of the species from which the sample is being obtained. A clinician must understand the risks and benefits of venipuncture, the maximum amount of blood that can be safely collected, and the safest procedure, for the patient, through which that sample can be obtained. It is important for the veterinarian to carefully select the best diagnostic tests to maximize the return of useful clinical information based on the blood sample volume that is collected. Many, if not most, pet rodent species present to the veterinary hospital because of a disease problem, and balancing the risk of stress with venipuncture and sedation must be factored against the potential gain from the diagnostic test results. This article will focus on techniques that can be used to safely collect blood samples from these animals. Veterinarians must remember that each procedure described in this article must be tailored to the individual patient.