Distortion of polymer matrix composite panels under transverse thermal gradients

This paper discusses the distortion of panels made by fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites under transverse thermal-loading conditions. This is the continuation of our previous paper [Gu P, Asaro RJ. Structural buckling of polymer matrix composites due to reduced stiffness from fire damage. Compos Struct 2005;69:65–75] on fire performance of polymer matrix composites, in particular, the continuation of the discussion given in the last section of the paper for thermal distortion of the composite panels. We formulate thermal distortion from the bending theory of functionally graded materials. General solution for thermal distortion is derived in terms of material variation and temperature profile along the thickness of the panels. Using the general solution, analytical expressions of thermal distortion and associated internal forces for commonly used end supports are obtained. From these solutions, we discuss the failure mechanism induced by thermal distortion and design criteria that can be placed to prevent such failure. The roles of geometry, temperature and temperature gradients, and the competition among them in the process of structural failure are addressed.