Lipid-Based Therapy for Ocular Surface Inflammation and Disease

Ocular surface diseases such as dry eye, allergic keratoconjunctivitis, and infection are very prevalent conditions and involve ocular surface stress and inflammation. Recently, various lipid-based therapies have been advocated for the modulation of ocular surface inflammation. Here we review the latest developments and challenges of these strategies. These include administration of essential fatty acids, cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors and resolvin analogs. Lipids form part of the tear film and are crucial for tear film stability; loss of tear film stability can aggravate ocular surface inflammation. Strategies to replenish tear film lipids – namely, eyelid warming and eye drops containing natural or synthetic lipids – are evaluated. Recent advances in the use of lipids as ocular drug delivery vehicles, antioxidants, and diagnostic markers are discussed.

TrendsOcular surface diseases such as dry eye, allergic keratoconjunctivitis, and infection are prevalent conditions. Ocular surface stress and inflammation are critical pathological elements in these diseases.Recently, various forms of lipid-based therapies, among others, have been advocated for the modulation of ocular surface inflammation. These therapies include the modulation of inflammatory processes via administration of essential fatty acids, resolvin analogs, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors.Lipids are an important component of the tear film. Tear film lipid defects result in increased evaporation, which perpetuates ocular surface inflammation and damage.Therapies to augment or modify tear film lipid composition include eyelid warming, topical lipid emulsions, and liposomes.Lipids are also being developed as ocular drug delivery vehicles and diagnostic markers.