Optimization of thin noise barrier designs using Evolutionary Algorithms and a Dual BEM Formulation

This work aims at assessing the acoustic efficiency of different thin noise barrier models. These designs frequently feature complex profiles and their implementation in shape optimization processes may not always be easy in terms of determining their topological feasibility. A methodology to conduct both overall shape and top edge optimizations of thin cross section acoustic barriers by idealizing them as profiles with null boundary thickness is proposed. This procedure is based on the maximization of the insertion loss of candidate profiles proposed by an evolutionary algorithm. The special nature of these sorts of barriers makes necessary the implementation of a complementary formulation to the classical Boundary Element Method (BEM). Numerical simulations of the barriers׳ performance are conducted by using a 2D Dual BEM code in eight different barrier configurations (covering overall shaped and top edge configurations; spline curved and polynomial shaped based designs; rigid and noise absorbing boundaries materials). While results are achieved by using a specific receivers' scheme, the influence of the receivers' location on the acoustic performance is previously addressed. With the purpose of testing the methodology here presented, a numerical model validation on the basis of experimental results from a scale model test [34] is conducted. Results obtained show the usefulness of representing complex thin barrier configurations as null boundary thickness-like models.