EM algorithms for estimating the Bernstein copula

A method that uses order statistics to construct multivariate distributions with fixed marginals and which utilizes a representation of the Bernstein copula in terms of a finite mixture distribution is proposed. Expectation–maximization (EM) algorithms to estimate the Bernstein copula are proposed, and a local convergence property is proved. Moreover, asymptotic properties of the proposed semiparametric estimators are provided. Illustrative examples are presented using three real data sets and a 3-dimensional simulated data set. These studies show that the Bernstein copula is able to represent various distributions flexibly and that the proposed EM algorithms work well for such data.