A β-expectation tolerance interval for general balanced mixed linear models

A β-expectation tolerance interval procedure is derived from the concept of generalized pivotal quantity, which has been frequently used to obtain confidence intervals in situations where standard procedures do not lead to useful solutions. The proposed procedure can be applied to general balanced mixed linear models. Some practical examples are given to illustrate the proposed procedure. In addition, detailed simulation studies are conducted to evaluate its performance, showing that it can be recommended for use in practical applications.