کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
4383527 | 1304271 | 2007 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, S. glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and H. bacteriophora
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک
بوم شناسی، تکامل، رفتار و سامانه شناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, S. glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and H. bacteriophora Soil moisture effects on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema scarabaei, S. glaseri, Heterorhabditis zealandica, and H. bacteriophora](/preview/png/4383527.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
We tested the effect of soil moisture on the performance of four entomopathogenic nematodes species that have recently shown promise for the control of white grubs, i.e., Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. zealandica, Steinernema scarabaei, and S. glaseri. Experiments for all four nematodes were conducted in sandy loam, for S. scarabaei also in loamy sand and silt loam. Infectivity was tested by exposing third-instar Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, to nematodes in laboratory experiments and determining nematode establishment in the larvae and larval mortality. Nematode infectivity was the highest at moderate soil moistures (â10 to â100Â kPa), and tended to be lower in wet (â1Â kPa) and moderately dry (â1000Â kPa) soil. In dry soil (â3000Â kPa), only S. scarabaei showed some activity. S. scarabaei was active from â1 to â3000Â kPa in all soil types but the range of highest activity was wider in loamy sand (â1 to â1000Â kPa) than in loamy sand and silt loam (â10 to â100Â kPa). Persistence was determined in laboratory experiments by baiting nematode-inoculated soil with larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella. For both Heterorhabditis spp. persistence was short at â10Â kPa, improved slightly at â100Â kPa, significantly at â1000Â kPa, and was the highest at â3000Â kPa. Both Steinernema spp. persisted very well at â10Â kPa. However, S. glaseri persistence was the shortest at â10Â kPa but did not differ significantly at â100 to â3000Â kPa, whereas S. scarabaei persistence was not affected by soil moisture. Our observations concur with previous observations on the effect of soil moisture on entomopathogenic nematodes but also show that moisture ranges for infectivity and persistence vary among species. Differences among species may be based on differences in size and behavioral and physiological adaptations.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Applied Soil Ecology - Volume 35, Issue 1, January 2007, Pages 128-139
Journal: Applied Soil Ecology - Volume 35, Issue 1, January 2007, Pages 128-139
نویسندگان
Albrecht M. Koppenhöfer, Eugene M. Fuzy,