Local Grapevine Germplasm from Western of Romania - An Alternative to Climate Change and Source of Typicity and Authenticity

Researches were focused on several local varieties of wine grapes from Timis and Arad Counties. These were compared with control varieties known for their properties and qualities (Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling Italian). Were analyzed a range of agro biological and technological indices, indexes of production quality, resistance to frost in winter. For interpreting and accuracy of results, mathematical statistical methods were used. As regards resistance to winter frosts, and extreme temperature variations during the years of study, most varieties and local biotypes recorded superior results (dry matter of chord, the percentage of maturation of wood, viable shoots) compared to control varieties, although these are known to be resistant to frost. Regarding the quality of grapes and wines (the amount of sugar, acidity, alcohol potential, anthocyanins) several varieties and local biotypes, had results similar or above the control varieties. Following the results and valuable traits found in some varieties and local biotypes, it can be concluded that some of these are a viable alternative to the known varieties, considering climate variability and in the same time an excellent source for obtaining typical and authentic wines.