کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
4530693 1324722 2008 8 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Prediction and assessment of mixture toxicity of compounds in antifouling paints using the sea-urchin embryo-larval bioassay
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک علوم آبزیان
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Prediction and assessment of mixture toxicity of compounds in antifouling paints using the sea-urchin embryo-larval bioassay
چکیده انگلیسی

The ecotoxicological assessment of alternative “booster” biocides is urgently needed in order to develop environmentally acceptable antifouling paints. However, research has focused mainly on single compounds, and there is still a lack of data on their mixture toxicity. The present study investigated the single and mixture toxicity of three of the most widely used antifouling biocides: zinc pyrithione, chlorothalonil and Sea-Nine, using the sea-urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) embryo-larval bioassay. Also, the predictive ability of the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) concepts for antifouling mixtures was evaluated. Both concepts failed to accurately predict the toxicity of the antifouling mixtures, with the exception of the zinc pyrithione and Sea-Nine mixture, which was accurately predicted by the IA concept, suggesting a dissimilar mode of action of those substances. In general, CA predicted consistently higher toxicity than IA; however, CA overestimated the toxicity of the studied mixtures by a factor of only 1.6, representing a reasonable worst-case approach to be used in the predictive hazard assessment of antifouling mixtures. Finally, the present study demonstrates that the risk of antifouling mixtures for the early developmental stages of sea urchin is higher than the risk of each single substance, and therefore, the inclusion of mixture considerations in the development of water quality criteria for antifouling compounds is strongly recommended.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Aquatic Toxicology - Volume 88, Issue 4, 30 July 2008, Pages 308–315
نویسندگان
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