Predicting the potential habitat of the harmful cyanobacteria Lyngbya majuscula in the Canary Islands (Spain)

• A bloom of Lyngbya majuscula is detected in a Marine Reserve of Canary Islands, Spain.
• A distribution model of Lyngbya was developed for Canary Islands from the data collected.
• The model revealed the potential habitat of Lyngbya and the risk areas of blooms.
• Cymodocea nodosa meadows are potentially the most affected communities.
• Results about distribution model of Lyngbya can be used to develop proper management strategies.

This study presents the ecological niche and the potential distribution of Lyngbya majuscula in the Canary Islands (Spain) based on a bloom of this species on the eastern side of the Canarian Archipelago, in the Marine Reserve of La Graciosa (MRG). This finding represents the first L. majuscula bloom recorded in waters around the Canary Islands and this side of the Atlantic Ocean. The modeled suitability map revealed a potential distribution of L. majuscula in rocky and sandy habitats within shallow and sheltered areas exposed to sedimentation; where L. majuscula blooms had not previously been reported. The L. majuscula bloom detected in MRG is affecting rocky and sandy communities in this area. The possible expansion of these blooms may have harmful effects on important communities in the Canary Islands, including some of high ecological importance such as the Cymodocea nodosa meadows. Results of the L. majuscula distribution model presented here can be used to develop management strategies that avoid or minimize the risk of future bloom occurrences or expansions and their negative effects on the environment. The causes of L. majuscula blooms in MRG are being investigated.